# Delta

The letters delta, symbol: Δ (4th letter), a triangle shape, and theta, symbol: Θ (9th letter), a circle shape, were already well-defined, via explicit geometry, during the construction of the Khufu Pyramid (2600BC), whose height h equals the radius of a sun disc with a circumference of four times the base b length of the pyramid.

In terms, delta (LH:19), in Greek: δελτα (NE:345), symbol: δ (lower) or Δ (upper), is the 4th letter of the Greek alphabet, with a numerical value of four.

## Overview

The letter delta Δ (capital), letter value: 4, name isopsephy value: "345", has a VERY complex cypher rooted in its name, letter shape, letter value, and name isopsephy value (and sequence of numbers), to say the least.

### 345

The name of the letter delta in Greek: δελτα (NE:345) yields an isopsephy value of "345". The first thing we note is the sequence, namely that 3, 4, and 5 (the numbers of 345), occur in order after "1", symbolic of the Nun, out of which the delta arises:

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, ....

The Egyptians, who invented mathematics (Aristotle, 350BC), to clarify, had neither a zero value (shown above) nor decimal point, so we are told. The concept of "nothing" or "void", according to the Egyptians, however, was defined by the god Nun [value: 0 / value: 1], which is the root of words such as "nil", "nothing", or negative. This was defined by the Greeks by the secret name word Kenos (κενος) (NE:345), meaning: void (or chaos). Both "kenos" (NE:345) and "delta" (NE:345) are isopsephically equivalent. The premise of Nun mixed with void is found in the Ogdoad (Hermopolis, 2400BC), meaning "8", a later recension of the Nun. This is encoded into the fact that the Greek alphabet is an "888" themed or divided alphabet, based on this Egyptian numbering scheme.

The number nine, symbolically, was defined by the Egyptians as the Ennead [value: 9] god family. In the Hermopolis recension, the Ennead was said to have been born out of the Ogdoad, aka 9 was born out of 8, numerically speaking.

Prior to this, numerically, it was the Nun [value: 0 / value: 1] which birthed the delta [value: 4] [NE value: 345] which engendered the Ennead [value: 9], which eventually gave origin to be [value: 7] things, aka beings, and eventually to bi [value: 12] things, aka "alive things", in other words "living beings", as we are taught. This logic is shown below:

The number "6", which follows the delta (345), is seen in the number "666", the number of the "Sol" the Roman sun god, or sum of rows of the solar magic square.

Hence, both our modern "number" sequence and our "alphabet" sequence was already extant and in place, when the Khufu pyramid (2600BC) was built.

### Kenos | Void

Both "kenos" (NE:345) and "delta" (NE:345) are isopsephically equivalent, as touched on above. Accordingly, the leading candidate for the secret name of delta is "kenos" (κενος) (NE:345), meaning: "empty or void" (Barry, 1999), or "blank, vacant, or vacuous", in other translations.[1] In alignment with this, we know that the Nile Delta region is the "flood plain" of the Nile, meaning region of watery land. We also know that the "water" itself was defined by the Egyptians either as the god Nun (Heliopolis, 2600BC) and later as the god family Ogdoad (Hermopolis, 2400BC), both of which included the idea that the world was born out of empty void of space. Next, we know the "first principle" (Thales, 520BC) generated out of the void was water. Symbolically, the alchemical symbols, as we know them, as devised by the Greeks, based on their studies in Egypt, are: water 🜄, earth 🜃, fire 🜂, air 🜁.[2] As the sun was said to have been born out of the tip location of the Nile Delta, the creation process is ordered as follows:

0. Kenos (κενος) (NE:345) | meaning: void (or chaos)
1. Water 🜄 | god: Nun (first principle)
2. Earth 🜃 | god: Atum
3. Fire 🜂 | god: Ra (sun)
4. Air 🜁 | god: Shu (air) + Tefnut (moisture)

Here, we see that the value "4", of the letter delta Δ, the 4th letter of the Greek alphabet, is code or symbolic, presumably, of these four creation steps, if the so-called kenos step (or void platform) is take as step zero, or thought to be pre-existent or extant always, or something along these lines.[3]

### Atum

Verbally, we can read the god Atum described as follows:

“Oh Atum-Khepri, when thou didst mount as a hill [pyramid]; and didst shine as bnw [Bennu] of the ben (or benben) in the temple of the ‘phoenix’ [bennu] in Heliopolis; and didst spew out as Shu [A], and did spit out as Tefnut; (then) thou didst put thine arms about them, as the arm(s) of a ka, that thy ka might be in them. Atum, so put thine arms about Unas; about this temple, about this pyramid, as the arm (s) of a ka; that the ka of Unas may be in it, enduring for ever and ever. Oh great Ennead who are in Heliopolis: Atum, Shu, Tefnut, Geb, Nut, Osiris, Isis, Set, Nephthys.”
— Unas Scribe (2315BC), Unas Pyramid Text (§:600), Saqqara, the necropolis of Memphis [4]

In a later shorter version, this four-step (void step assumed) or five step (void step included) creation process, is described as follows:

“The phoenix of Ra [#3] was that whereby Atum [#2] came into being in chaos [#0], in the abyss, in darkness and in gloom.”
— Anon (c.2000BC), Coffin Text (Spell 76)[5]

The descriptions shown here are a syncretism of two originally different myths, the "Ra myth", of ancient unknown origins, and the "Atum myth", centered at Heliopolis (2600BC). Hence, what we read above are but fragmented regurgitations of older myths, that were patched into one. Both Ra and Atum have basically unknown etymologies; for example:

“The name of Atum, the creator god of Heliopolis, derives from a root whose richness of meaning is difficult to translate, for it is linked to the double notion of existence and nonexistence: at one and the same time, he was ‘he who is realized’ and ‘he who is not’, that is, the totality of being before the creation was set in motion.”
— Francoise Dunand (2004), Gods and Mena in Egypt: 3000 BCE to 359 CE (pg. 25)[6]

### Greeks

In 1200 to 700BC, the Greeks, who all travelled to Egypt to study, used the Egyptian delta-theta cosmology based creation myth, as the model upon which they constructed their Greek alphabet, using isopsephy letter-word cyphers.

#### Atum | 345?

The hieroglyph names for Atum are: , , or , which have been rendered in English as: Atum, "Atem", "Tem" (Budge, 1904), or "Temu" (Butler, 2010), in Greek as: Ατούμ, or in Coptic as: ⲁⲧⲟⲩⲙ (Atoum). One guesstimate as to how the god Atum might have been rendered, interpreted, or coded isopsephically by the Greeks, knowing that Atum seems to have no known direct Greek god character rescript, is that the letters A (alpha) [α] (1) + T (tau) [τ] (300) + M (mu) [μ] (40), or Atm (less the u, knowing the Egyptians didn't have vowels [a, e, i, o, u]) sums to "341". If this value is added to the value "4", symbolic of the letter "delta", out of which the god Atum first appeared "on hill", as the translations reads, then we get "345" the NE value of the word delta. This, however, is a crude derivation.

#### Water | First principle

By the the time Thales (570BC) learned this delta-theta cosmology model, he took back to Greece with him, the idea that "water" was the first principle, and that "all is water" as became his motto. This later became the "four elements" model of Empedocles.

### Nile Delta

The following is a view of the Nile Delta region, inverted or viewed in southward direction, which illustrates the Egyptian so-called "delta-theta cosmology" (Heliopolis, 2600BC), wherein the "sun", or circle shape sun disc, is born out of the tip of the "delta", conceptualized as the water-flooded Nile Delta region, shown below left, or the pyramids, the largest version built at Giza, shown below right, located at the tip of the Nile Delta, or convergence point of the Nile river and Delta region tributaries:

In respect to his model of the sun as a "sphere" (or circle) born out of a "triangle" (or pyramid), we note that by the time Aristotle (c.350BC) was learning the shapes of matter, fire was defined either as a sphere or a pyramid in particle shape, as derived from this "delta-theta cosmology", illustrated above:

“Though it was primarily with reference to the properties and powers and motions of bodies that they assigned them their shapes, the latter are inappropriate. For instance, since fire is mobile, and since it heats and burns some made it a sphere, others a pyramid. They are the most mobile since they are in contact with the fewest things and have the smallest base, the most productive of heat and burning because the one, the sphere, is an angle all over, while the other, the pyramid, has the sharpest angles, and heat and burning are produced by the angles, so they say. Next, if what is burned is set on fire, and fire is a sphere or a pyramid, what is burned has to become spheres or pyramids.”
Aristotle (c.350BC), De Caelo (306a26-307b5) [7]

We also see, in the above map, that Heliopolis, the original site of the "Temple of Atum" (where the sun was thought to have originally been born), which has but one remaining marker, the Ra-Atum obelisk[8], shown above, which was conceptualized as the "phallus of Atum" (or Atum-Ra), which in version one of the Heliopolis creation myth, he used to ejaculate, via masturbation, the first two gods: Shu and Tefnut. In the myth version two, Atum "spit" and "breathed" (or sneezed) out Shu and Tefnut.

By the time the pyramids were built, the tip of the pyramid was considered the "benben" stone, shown above, made of gold, and considered to be the petrified semen of Atum and or the nest of bennu bird (aka phoenix), where the sun was born, and then carried into the sky by the bird on its head.

In 2600BC, the Pyramid of Khufu, the largest of all of pyramids, was built at the Giza pyramid complex.[9] Geometrically, conceptualized as being born out of the waters of the Nun as shown below:

Geometrically, the height h of the Khufu pyramid, when built (a height which has since been lowered, by removal of outer layers), was set equal to the value of the radius of a circle with circumference C equal to the perimeter (4 times b) of the base b of the pyramid, as shown above.[10]

### Chemistry

In 400AD, the Arabs invaded Rome, and translated all their knowledge into Arabic, during which the former Egyptian-Greco-Latin "keme-istry" became "al-chemy" (alchemy), which, following Robert Boyle (c.1600), became chemistry. In 1717, via Newton and his "Query 31", the main branch of chemistry became "affinity chemistry". In 1775, in the works of Torbern Bergman, who became the apex scholar of affinity chemistry, in his reaction #42, we see the delta symbol being used as a symbol for heat:

This can be compared to the modern, or post 1880s to 1930s, reaction notation wherein the delta, symbolizing "heat", is shown above the reaction arrow. The delta symbol, in Bergman's model, was defined as the "matter of heat", as follows:

which we see is different from phlogiston.

It would not be until the time of Clausius (1865) and Lewis (1923) that delta began to be associated with the symbol for "change":

${\displaystyle \Delta X=X_{final}-X_{initial}}$

where X can be any state function, and delta means "final state" minus "initial state", within which heat or entropy was the mediator or gauge of change.

## Quotes

The following are quotes:

“The subdivision of the initially unitary Atumian flux is portrayed in the geography of the Nile Delta watercourse. The Delta's geometrical apex would symbolize the ‘primeval mound’ or ‘headwaters’ of this flux, while the downstream effluvial branchings would represent the multiple paths forming the ether transmutation network. It is probably no accident that Heliopolis, the site of the temple of Atum, was built near this Delta apex (see figure 6.3). In fact, the Pyramid Texts state that Heliopolis is the site where Atum made his first appearance as the primeval hill and where he subsequently spawned Shu and Tefnut. It is also fitting that giant pyramid tombs symbolizing the primeval mound were built at Giza in this same locale..”
— Laviolette, Paul. (2004), Genesis of the Cosmos (pg. 103) [11]

## End matter

### References

1. κενός – Wiktionary.
2. Alchemical Symbols – Unicode.org.
3. Note: Epicurus, as a youth, was so frustrated with the lack of explanation of this step, his teachers simply telling him that it was "chaos", that he eventually turned to Democritus and atomic theory, to appease his frustrated mind.
4. (a) Alford, Alan. (2004). The Midnight Sun: the Death and Rebirth of God in Ancient Egypt (pg. 338). Publisher
(b) Pyramid Texts: 588-600 – Sacred-Texts.com.
5. Luckhert, Karl. (1991). Egyptian Light and Hebrew Fire: Theological and Philosophical Roots of Christendom in Evolutionary Perspective (Atum-Ra, pg. 41; Spell 76). SUNY Press.
6. Dunand, Francois; Coche, Christiane. (2004). Gods and Mena in Egypt: 3000 BCE to 359 CE (Atum, pg. 25). Cornell.
7. Taylor, C.C.W. (1999). The Atomists: Leucippus and Democritus: Fragments: a Text and Translation with a Commentary by C.C.W. Taylor (pyramid, pgs. 85-86; 133). University of Toronto Press.
8. Heliopolis (ancient Egypt) – Wikipedia.
9. Great Pyramid of Giza – Wikipedia.
10. Barlett, Christopher. (2014). “The Design of the Great Pyramid of Khufu” (txt), Nexus Network Journal, 16, 299-311.
11. Laviolette, Paul. (2004). Genesis of the Cosmos: the Ancient Science of Continuous Creation (pg. 103). Inner Traditions.